A coffee bean is the seed of the coffee plant, known as the pit. The pit is inside the purple or red fruit, coffee berries or coffee cherries. The fruit most commonly contain two stones with there flat sides together. Endosperm is found inside the coffee bean, the endosperm contains caffeine. Caffeine is the main reason the plant is cultivated. Coffee beans are very important for some countries who export the product.
The coffee plant ( there are ten species of the flowering plant ) are either shrubs or small trees. The plants are native to southern Asia and Africa. The seeds of the coffea plant are the source of a stimulating beverage called coffee. In the trade the seeds are known as "beans". Coffee beans are cultivated on plantations in tropical countries for export and local consumption. Coffee is
the world's second most valuable commodity after oil and is a major export for some countries.
Coffee is a bush or small tree and when grown in the tropics can grow to a height of 10 to 12 feet. The bush or tree cannot survive a winter frost. For the plants to produce many coffee berries they need substantial amounts of water. Many species of plant can be grown for the beans, but one of the best producers is the coffea arabica. The tree produces purple or red fruits, these contain two seeds also know as coffee beans. The coffee tree will produce fruit after 3 to 5 years. Some trees have been known to grow fruits for as long as 100 years, although most trees grow fruits for 50 to 60 years. It is estimated that there are 15 billion coffee trees around the world.
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